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Ansiktslammelse (facialisparese): Årsak

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Perifer ansiktslammelse opptrer som nevnt i de fleste tilfeller uten tilknytning til annen sykdom. Tilstanden kalles Bells lammelse. Det har lenge vært en diskusjon blant ekspertene om årsaken kan være en virusinfeksjon. Dagens holdning er at man tror en stor andel av tilfellene med ansiktslammelse skyldes aktivering av herpes simplex viruset (HSV), noe sjeldnere herpes zoster-viruset (VZV) (Ramsay Hunt syndrom). Det er imidlertid ingen enkel måte å dokumentere det på. Noen har merket at lammelsen kommer etter at de har sittet i trekk, for eksempel kjørt med åpent bilvindu.

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Perifer ansiktslammelse kan i noen tilfeller skyldes nevroborreliose etter flåttbitt. I flåttsesongen, i områder hvor borreliose er utbredt, kan man mistenke dette som en mulig årsak.

Andre sjeldnere årsaker er sarkoidose, Guillain-Barrés syndrom, tuberkulose, skader etter operasjoner i området, eller andre sjeldne sykdommer. Det er også rapportert om tilfeller etter influensavaksinasjon.

Såkalt sentral ansiktslammelse skyldes vanligvis hjerneslag, og en slik lammelse fører derfor til akutt innleggelse i sykehus.

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Facialisparese . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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