Hopp til innhold
NHI.no
Annonse

Nakkesmerter, uspesifikke: Diagnostikk

Innhold i artikkelen

Dette er en diagnose som legen stiller på grunnlag av sykehistorien din samt en undersøkelse av nakken. Legen vil ha fokus på å skille uspesifikk nakkesmerter fra andre årsaker som prolaps i nakken, skulderlidelser og annen sykdom. Symptomene er som regel typiske med stivhet og anspenthet i nakken. Muskelrelaterte smerter kan være lokale, men kan også gi cervikal hodepine med utstråling fra nakke til panne-/tinningsregion kan føles oftest som trykkende nakkesmerter og som et stramt belte rundt pannen. Smerten blir bedre når man legger seg ned og hviler.

Annonse

Ved undersøkelse er ofte musklene i nakken stramme, det kan kjennes små muskelknuter, og pasientene opplever smerter og ømhet når legen undersøker muskler og senefester.

Bildediagnostikk er som regel ikke nødvendig.

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Nakkesmerter, uspesifikke . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

  1. Barreto TW, Svec JH. Chronic Neck Pain: Nonpharmacologic Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Aug 1;100(3):180-182. PMID: 31361100. PubMed
  2. Clarsen BM. Muskel- og skjeletthelse i Norge. FHI. Sist oppdatert 29.03.2022. www.fhi.no
  3. Nygaard ØP, Rø M, Andersen TI, Zwart JA. Nakkesmerter med og uten nerverotsaffeksjon. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2010; 18: 130(22):2252-5. pmid:21109848 PubMed
  4. Kazeminasab S, Nejadghaderi SA, Amiri P, et al. Neck pain: global epidemiology, trends and risk factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):26. Published 2022 Jan 3. doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04957-4PMID: 34980079 PubMed
  5. Smedley J, Inskip H, Trevelyn F, Buckle P, Cooper C, Coggon D. Risk factors for incident neck and shoulder pain in hospital nurses. Occup Environ Med 2003; 60: 864-9. PubMed
  6. GBD 2021 Neck Pain Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain, 1990-2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2024; 6(3): e142-e155. pmid:38383088 PubMed
  7. Knapstad M, Nilsen TS, Aarø LE, et al. Folkehelseundersøkinga i Møre og Romsdal: Framgangsmåte og utvalde resultat. Rapport 2021. Bergen: Folkehelseinstituttet, 2021. www.fhi.no
  8. Kinge JM, Knudsen AK, Skirbekk V, Vollset SE. Musculoskeletal disorders in Norway: prevalence of chronicity and use of primary and specialist health care services. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16: 75. pmid:25887763 PubMed
  9. Hoy D, March L, Woolf A, et al. The global burden of neck pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(7):1309–1315. PMID: 24482302. PubMed
  10. Juul-Kristensen B, Kadefors R, Hansen K et al. Clinical signs and physical function in neck and upper extremities among elderly female computer users: the NEW study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 96: 136-45. PubMed
  11. Kim R, Wiest C, Clark K, Cook C, Horn M. Identifying risk factors for first-episode neck pain: A systematic review. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2018; 33: 77-83. pmid:29197234 PubMed
  12. Lager A, Warolén M, Wennerholm P, Andersson E. Nacksmärta – orsaker och åtgärder. Stockholm: Centrum för epidemiologi och samhällsmedicin, Region Stockholm; 2019. Rapport 2019:1 www.folkhalsoguiden.se
  13. Guzman J, Haldeman S, Carroll LJ et al. Clinical practice implications of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000 – 2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders: from concepts and findings to recommendations. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008; 33(4 Suppl): S199-213. pmid:18204393 PubMed
  14. Helsedirektoratet. Nasjonal faglig retningslinje for bildediagnostikk ved ikke-traumatiske muskel- og skjelettlidelser. Anbefalinger for primærhelsetjenesten. Helsedirektoratet. Oslo: Helsedirektoratet; 2014 www.helsedirektoratet.no
  15. Skelly AC, Chou R, Dettori JR, et al. Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update Internet. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US) 2020. pmid:32338846 PubMed
  16. Harris GR, Susman JL. Managing musculoskeletal complaints with rehabilitation therapy: summary of the Philadelphia Panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on musculoskeletal rehabilitation interventions. J Fam Pract 2002; 51: 12. pmid:12540330 PubMed
  17. Jones CMP, Day RO, Koes BW, et al. Opioid analgesia for acute low back pain and neck pain (the OPAL trial): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2023. pmid:37392748 PubMed
  18. Rasmussen-Barr E, Halvorsen M, Bohman T, et al. Summarizing the effects of different exercise types in chronic neck pain - a systematic review and meta-analysis of systematic reviews. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24(1): 806. pmid:37828488 PubMed
  19. Andersen, LL, Kjær M, Søgaard K, Hansen L, Kryger AI, Sjøgaard G. Specifik styrketræning mindsker kroniske nakke/skuldermuskelsmerter - sekundærpublikation. Ugeskr Læger 2008; 170: 3036. content.ugeskriftet.dk
  20. Viljanen M, Malmivaara A, Uitti J, Rinne M, Palmroos P, Laippala P. Effectiveness of dynamic muscle training, relaxation training, or ordinary activity for chronic neck pain: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2003; 327: 475. PubMed
  21. Gross AR, Lee H, Ezzo J, et al. Massage for neck pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 2(2): CD004871. pmid:38415786 PubMed
  22. Andrade Ortega JA, Ceron Fernandez E, Garcia Llorent R, et al. Microwave diathermy for treating nonspecific chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine J. 2014 Aug 1;14(8):1712-21. PubMed
  23. Klaber Moffett JA, Jackson DA, Richmond S, Hahn S, Coulton S, Farrin A, et al. Randomised trial of a brief physiotherapy intervention compared with usual physiotherapy for neck pain patients: outcomes and patients' preferences. BMJ 2005; 330: 75-8. British Medical Journal
  24. Monticone M, Cedraschi C, Ambrosini E, et al. Cognitive-behavioural treatment for subacute and chronic neck pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD010664. pmid: 26006174 PubMed
  25. Gross A, Langevin P, Burnie SJ, et al. Manipulation and mobilisation for neck pain contrasted against an inactive control or another active treatment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD004249. The Cochrane Library
  26. Martimbianco ALC, Porfírio GJ, Pacheco RL, Torloni MR, Riera R. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic neck pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Dec 12;12(12):CD011927. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011927.pub2. PMID: 31830313 PubMed
  27. Ernst E, Lee MS, Choi TY. Acupuncture: does it alleviate pain and are there serious risks? A review of reviews. Pain 2011; 152: 755-64. PubMed
  28. Laserbehandling vid nacksmärta. SBU Alert-rapport nr 2014-03 (2014-05-20). www.sbu.se
  29. Chow R, Johnson M, Rodrigo L-M, Bjordal J. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 2009; 374: 1897-1908. PubMed
  30. Hoe VCW, Urquhart DM, Kelsall HL, et al. Ergonomic interventions for preventing work‐related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb and neck among office workers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 10. Art. No.: CD008570. The Cochrane Library
  31. Sihawong R, Sitthipornvorakul E, Paksaichol A, Janwantanakul P. Predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in office workers: a 1-year prospective cohort study. J Occup Health 2016; 58(1): 16-24. pmid:26498979 PubMed
Annonse
Annonse