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Forkjølelse: Årsaker

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Forkjølelse skyldes virus som angriper nesen og svelget. I halvparten av tilfellene er årsaken et såkalt rhinovirus. Blant virustypene som kan forårsake forkjølelse, finnes det flere hundre undertyper. Det store mangfoldet av virus gjør at forkjølelse kan oppstå gjennom hele livet. Selv om du utvikler immunitet mot det viruset som gjør deg syk akkurat nå, så mangler du immunitet mot de tallrike andre virus som kan gi deg forkjølelse.

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Omtrent 6 av 10 som smittes av et virus, blir syke. Overføring av smitte skjer for det meste gjennom hånd til hånd kontakt med andre personer og påfølgende overføring av viruset til nesebor eller øyne, eller som dråpesmitte ved hoste og nysing. Personer som er utsatt for fysisk eller psykisk stress, blir lettere syke enn andre. Barn i store barnehager smittes ofte. Det samme gjelder spedbarn med eldre søsken. Faren for å bli syk øker også dersom du fryser eller på andre måter får svekket motstandskraft. Spesielt ser det ut til at vi lettere blir syke dersom vi fryser på føttene! Inkubasjonstiden, tiden fra du smittes til du blir syk, er vanligvis 2-4 dager.

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Forkjølelse . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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