Covid-19: Forløp og prognose
Som følge av vaksinasjon og naturlig infeksjon har mesteparten av befolkningen bygd opp en viss immunitet mot covid-19. De fleste infiserte som blir syk disse dager, har milde eller moderate forløp med varighet mellom én og tre uker.
Selv om alvorlige og kritiske sykdomsforløp har blitt sjeldne, rammes fortsatt enkelte. Hos personer som utvikler lungebetennelse forårsaket av koronavirus, kan det ses et forløp i to faser: symptomer på forholdsvis mild luftveisinfeksjon de første 5-7 dagene, fulgt av økende tung pust, hoste, utmattelse og generelt dårlig allmenntilstand i løpet av den andre eller tredje uken.
Sviktende lungefunksjon har vært hovedproblemet hos innlagte pasienter. Men også andre organer har sviktet, for eksempel nyrene, hjertet, eller leveren. Noen har fått blodforgiftning eller forstyrrelser av blodets evne til å danne og løse opp små blodpropper (koagulasjonssystemet).
Komplikasjoner har rammet flere steder i kroppen enn luftveiene alene, for eksempel nervene, hjerte-kar-systemet, fordøyelsen, leveren, nyrene, huden, blodet eller hormonsystemet. Hos alvorlig syke pasienter har behandling av komplikasjoner utgjort en stor del av selve behandlingen. Akutt lungesviktsyndrom er en fryktet komplikasjon som kan ha fatalt utfall.
Rehabilitering har vært spesielt viktig etter innleggelse. Men også pasienter med milde forløp har opplevd langvarige helseplager, for eksempel hoste, nedsatt lukte- og smaksans, tungpustfølelse, konsentrasjonsvansker, hodepine, depresjon, slapphet, smerter, med mer. WHO har utarbeidet brosjyrer og videoer med tips og råd til personer som plages med vedvarende symptomer og senfølger etter covid-19. Helsenorge har samlet rådene og brosjyrene på flere språk på denne nettsiden . Ved tvil om årsaken til plagene, eller ved spørsmål om behandling, kan man rådføre seg med lege eller annet kvalifisert helsepersonell.
Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet COVID-19 . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor
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