Influensa: Prognose
Varigheten av influensasykdommen er vanligvis 1-2 uker, gjerne med høy feber den første uken. Slapphet og hoste vedvarer ofte i mer enn 2 uker. Det er ikke uvanlig at det kan gå noen uker før du er i god form etter en slik infeksjon.
Enkelte risikogrupper, pasienter med nedsatt immunforsvar, hjerte- og lungesyke og eldre, kan få komplikasjoner i form av andre infeksjoner. Lungebetennelse er den hyppigste komplikasjonen. I slike tilfeller kan det være behov for sykehusinnleggelse.
For de aller fleste forløper en influensa ukomplisert, selv om plagene kan være betydelige i den perioden sykdommen pågår. Dersom du gjennomgår influensa, har du vanligvis god beskyttelse mot å få sykdom på ny de nærmeste årene.
Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Influensa . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor
- Gaitonde DY, Moore FC, Morgan MK. Influenza: Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100(12):751-758. PubMed
- Smittevern & Vaksine. Fakta om influensa. Folkehelseinstituttet, sist oppdatert 18.01.2022. www.fhi.no
- Hayward AC, Fragaszy EB, Bermingham A, et al. Comparative community burden and severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza: results of the Flu Watch cohort study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2014. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70034-7 DOI
- Gran JM, Iversen B, Hungnes O, Aalen OO. Estimating influenza-related excess mortality and reproduction numbers for seasonal influenza in Norway, 1975-2004. Epidemiol Infect. 2010; 138:1559-1568. PMID: 20334732 PubMed
- Taubenberger JK, Morens DM. Influenza: the once and future pandemic. Public Health Rep. 2010;125(suppl 3):16–26. PMID: 20568566 PubMed
- Abdelrahman Z, Li M, Wang X. Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and Influenza A Respiratory Viruses. Front Immunol. 2020;11:552909. Published 2020 Sep 11. PMID: 33013925 PubMed
- Peteranderl C, Herold S, Schmoldt C. Human influenza virus infections. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;37(4):487–500. PMID: 27486731 PubMed
- Dugas AF, Valsamakis A, Atreya MR, et al. Clinical diagnosis of influenza in the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2015 Jun; 33:770. PMID: 25827595 PubMed
- Jefferson T, Jones MA, Doshi P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD008965. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008965.pub4 DOI
- Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 Update on Diagnosis, Treatment, Chemoprophylaxis, and Institutional Outbreak Management of Seasonal Influenza. Clin Infect Dis 2018. pmid:30566567 PubMed
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza Signs and Symptoms and the Role of Laboratory Diagnostics. Last updated August 31, 2020. www.cdc.gov
- Butler CC, van der Velden AW, Bongard E, et al. Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2019. PMID: 31839279 PubMed
- Hanula R, Bortolussi-Courval E, Mendel A, et al. Evaluation of Oseltamivir Used to Prevent Hospitalization in Outpatients With Influenza A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 2023. pmid:37306992 PubMed
- Zhao Y, Gao Y, Guyatt G, et al. Antivirals for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet 2024; 404: 764-772. pmid:39181596 PubMed
- Louie JK, Lampiris H. Treating Influenza With Neuraminidase Inhibitors: What Is the Evidence? JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Dec;175(12):1899-900. PubMed
- Gao Y, Guyatt G, Uyeki TM, et al. Antivirals for treatment of severe influenza: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2024; 404: 753-763. pmid:39181595 PubMed
- Dobson J, Whitley RJ, Pocock S, et al. Oseltamivir treatment for influenza in adults: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2015. 385;1729-37. PMID: 25640810 PubMed
- Heneghan CJ, Onakpoya I, Joes MA, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of regulatory and mortality data. Health Technol Assess 2016. PMID: 27246259 PubMed
- Jefferson T, Jones M, Doshi P, et al. Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systematic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments. BMJ. 2014 9;348:g2545. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g2545. DOI
- Graner S, Smith T, Beau en pike-Michel C, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors during pregnancy and risk of adverse neonatal outcomes and congenital malformations: population based European register study. BMJ 2017. PMID: 28246106 PubMed
- Jefferson T, Del Mar C, Dooley L, et al. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses: systematic review. BMJ 2009; 339: b3675. PubMed
- Radonovich LJ Jr, Simberkoff MS, Bessesen MT, et al. N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Sep 3;322(9):824-833. Pmid 31479137
- Folkehelseinstituttet. Vaksinasjonsveilederen. Effekt av influensavaksine. Informasjon om kunnskapsgrunnlaget. Sist oppdatert 22.06.2021. www.fhi.no
- Wang GF, Li W, Li K. Acute encephalopathy and encephalitis caused by influenza virus infection. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010;23(3):305-311. PMID: 20455276 PubMed
- Estabragh ZR, Mamas MA. The cardiovascular manifestations of influenza: a systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 2013 ;167(6):2397-403. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.274. DOI
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Influenza virus characterisation - Summary Europe, March 2022. Published 21 Apr 2022. www.ecdc.europa.eu
- Paget J, Spreeuwenberg P, Charu V, et al. Global mortality associated with seasonal influenza epidemics: New burden estimates and predictors from the GLaMOR Project. J Glob Health. 2019;9(2):020421. PMID: 31673337 PubMed