Hopp til innhold
NHI.no
Annonse

Heteslag: Risikofaktorer

Innhold i artikkelen

  • Alder. Barn og eldre mennesker over 65 år tåler mindre varme.
  • Hard fysisk trening. Særlig aktiviteter som foregår over lengre tid.
  • Brå eksponering for varmt vær. Hvis du ikke er vant til varmt vær, for eksempel en hetebølge tidlig på sommeren eller reise til et klima mye varmere enn der du kom i fra.
  • Manglende aircondition.
  • Visse medisiner som betablokkere, vanndrivende medisiner, medikamenter som får blodårene dine til å trekke seg sammen, antidepressiva og antipsykotika.
  • Visse sykdommer. Kroniske sykdommer som hjerte- og lungesykdommer og fedme.
Annonse

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Varmerelaterte tilstander . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

  1. Gauer R, Meyers BK. Heat-Related Illnesses. Am Fam Physician. 2019;99(8):482-489. PMID: 30990296 PubMed
  2. Sorensen C, Hess J. Treatment and Prevention of Heat-Related Illness. N Engl J Med. 2022 Oct 13;387(15):1404-1413. PMID: 36170473. PubMed
  3. Belval LN, Casa DJ, Adams WM, et al. Consensus statement—prehospital care of exertional heat stroke. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2018;22(3):392–397. PMID: 29336710 PubMed
  4. Howe AS, Boden BP. Heat-related illness in athletes. Am J Sports Med 2007; 35: 1384-95. PubMed
  5. Metzger KB, Ito K, Matte TD. Summer heat and mortality in New York City: how hot is too hot? Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118: 80-6. PubMed
  6. Vaidyanathan A, Saha S, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, et al. Assessment of extreme heat and hospitalizations to inform early warning systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Mar 19;116(12):5420-5427. PMID: 30833395. PubMed
  7. World Health Organization (WHO). News: Statement – Heat claims more than 175 000 lives annually in the WHO European Region, with numbers set to soar. 1 August 2024. Nettsiden besøkt 24.07.25. www.who.int
  8. WHO: Fact sheets - Heat and health. Sist oppdatert 28.05.2024. Nettsiden besøkt 25.07.25 www.who.int
  9. Maron BJ, Doerer JJ, Haas TS, et al. Sudden deaths in young competitive athletes: analysis of 1866 deaths in the United States, 1980-2006. Circulation 2009; 119: 1085-92. pmid:19221222 PubMed
  10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Heat illness among high school athletes --- United States, 2005-2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010; 59:1009. PubMed
  11. Arias P, Bellouin N, Coppola E, et al. Climate change 2021: the physical science basis. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2021. www.ipcc.ch
  12. Atha WF. Heat-related illness. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2013;31(4):1097–1108. PMID: 24176481 PubMed
  13. Armstrong LE, Casa DJ, Millard-Stafford M, Moran DS, Pyne SW, Roberts WO; American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exertional heat illness during training and competition. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39: 556-72. PubMed
  14. Epstein Y, Yanovich R. Heatstroke. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 20;380(25):2449-2459. PMID: 31216400. PubMed
  15. Wei S, Sun L. Heat stroke with sepsis: A case report and review of the literature. J Int Med Res. 2025 Feb;53(2):3000605251315353. PMID: 39922802. PubMed
  16. Pryor RR, Bennett BL, O'Connor FG, Young JM, Asplund CA. Medical evaluation for exposure extremes: heat. Wilderness Environ Med. 2015;26(4 suppl):S69–S75. PMID: 26617381 PubMed
  17. Nelson NL, Churilla JR. A narrative review of exercise-associated muscle cramps: factors that contribute to neuromuscular fatigue and management implications. Muscle Nerve. 2016;54(2):177–185. PMID: 27159592 PubMed
  18. Casa DJ, Armstrong LE, Ganio MS, Yeargin SW. Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep 2005; 4: 309-17. PubMed
  19. Roberts WO. Heat and cold: what does the environment do to marathon injury? Sports Med 2007; 37:400. PubMed
  20. Kim JH, Malhotra R, Chiampas G, et al. Cardiac arrest during long-distance running races. N Engl J Med 2012; 366:130. New England Journal of Medicine
  21. Nitschke M, Krackowizer A, Hansen AL, et al. Heat Health Messages: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preventative Messages Tool in the Older Population of South Australia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Aug 31;14(9):992. . PMID: 28858262. PubMed
  22. Casa DJ, Kenny GP, Taylor NA. Immersion treatment for exertional hyperthermia: cold or temperate water? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:1246. PubMed
  23. Rodriguez NR, Di Marco NM, Langley S; American Dietetic Association; Dietitians of Canada; American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Nutrition and athletic performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41: 709-31. PubMed
  24. O'Connor FG, Casa DJ. Exertional heat illness in adolescents and adults: management and prevention. UpToDate, last updated Nov 10, 2021. UpToDate
  25. Sloan BK, Kraft EM, Clark D, Schmeissing SW, Byrne BC, Rusyniak DE. On-site treatment of exertional heat stroke. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(4):823–829. PMID: 25632055 PubMed
  26. Daanen HAM, Jonkman AG, Layden JD, et al. Optimising the acquisition and rentention of heat acclimation. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32:822-828. PubMed
  27. Lipman GS, Gaudio FG, Eifling KP, et al, Grissom CK. Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Heat Illness: 2019 Update. Wilderness Environ Med. 2019 Dec;30(4S):S33-S46. PMID: 31221601. PubMed
  28. Gaudio FG, Grissom CK. Cooling methods in heat stroke. J Emerg Med. 2016;50(4):607–616. PMID: 26525947 PubMed
  29. Mok G, DeGroot D, Hathaway NE, Bigley DP, McGuire CS. Exertional heat injury: effects of adding cold (4°C) intravenous saline to prehospital protocol. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2017;16(2):103–108. PMID: 28282357 PubMed
  30. Smith JE. Cooling methods used in the treatment of exertional heat illness. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39: 503-7. British Journal of Sports Medicine
  31. Rublee C, Dresser C, Giudice C, Lemery J, Sorensen C. Evidence-Based Heatstroke Management in the Emergency Department. West J Emerg Med. 2021 Feb 26;22(2):186-195. PMID: 33856299. PubMed
  32. Marshall SW. Heat injury in youth sport. Br J Sports Med 2010; 44: 8-12. British Journal of Sports Medicine
  33. Asplund CA, O'Connor FG, Noakes TD. Exercise-associated collapse: an evidence-based review and primer for clinicians. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(14):1157–1162.
Annonse
Annonse