Autismespekterforstyrrelser - prognose
Prognosen ved autisme varierer. Noen autistiske barn vil oppleve bedring i symptomer og tegn når de blir eldre. Andre viser liten bedring, eller de kan oppleve å bli verre.

Sist oppdatert:
6. des. 2023
Innhold i artikkelen
Autismespekterforstyrrelser (autism spectrum disorder, ASD) er en samlebegnelse på ulike varianter av autisme. ASD kan inndeles i ulike alvorlighetsgrader.
Prognose
For de aller fleste representerer en autismespekterforstyrrelse en livslang funksjonshemning. Selv for kognitivt høytfungerende kan det være nødvendig med tilrettelagt arbeidssituasjon og botilbud.
Symptomene ved autisme endres over tid og varierer med alder, skifte av miljø og har spontane svingninger i forløp. Allikevel vil åtte av ti med en moderat eller alvorlig autismespekterforstyrrelse ha en uendret alvorlighetsgrad av tilstanden gjennom livet. Vi regner at 10 til 15 prosent, vanligvis de med de minst alvorlige symptomene, kan leve et forholdsvis normalt liv som voksne. Ytterligere 15 til 20 prosent kan klare seg bra med regelmessig hjelp. Andre derimot viser liten bedring i språk og sosiale ferdigheter, og i voksen alder kan atferdsproblemer hos noen forverres. Disse trenger livslang omsorg.
Viktige faktorer for fremtidsutsiktene er kognitivt og språklig nivå, kvalitet på opplæringstilbud, foreldrenes engasjement og ikke minst forekomst av andre samtidige sykdommer (komorbiditet). Tidlig diagnose og tiltak synes også å være av stor betydning. Når det gjelder opplevelse av livskvalitet, er det funnet at hos høytfungerende voksne med en autismespekterforstyrrelse er livskvalitet sterkere forbundet med tilstedeværelse av familie og støtte i nærmiljøet enn graden av symptomer.
Kan påvirke resten av familien
Det å ha et barn med autisme kan innebære en betydelig belastning og stress på såvel foreldre som på barnet, på øvrige familie og på ekteskapet. Dere kan ha nytte av å dele deres tanker, bekymringer, frustrasjon i støttegrupper med andre familier som har barn med autisme. Personer med autisme kan også ha god nytte av å møte andre med autismespekterforstyrrelser for å skape sosial tilhørighet og bedre innsikt.
Autismeforeningen i Norge arbeider med disse problemstillingene. Det er lokallag av autismeforeningen i alle fylker. Les mer om tilbudet her: http://www.autismeforeningen.no .
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