Diagnostikk av helvetesild
Sykehistorien og de typiske symptomene gjør at diagnosen i typiske tilfeller er enkel å stille. Utslettet er tydelig avgrenset på huden, og de væskefylte blemmene er oftest lett å gjenkjenne. I dagene før utslettet viser seg, kan tilstanden forveksles med andre tilstander som gir smerter.
Annonse
Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Herpes zoster . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor
Referanser
- Asada H. Recent topics in the management of herpes zoster. J Dermatol. 2023 Mar;50(3):305-310. Epub 2022 Dec 20. PMID: 36539935 PubMed
- van Oorschot D, Vroling H, Bunge E, Diaz-Decaro J, Curran D, Yawn B. A systematic literature review of herpes zoster incidence worldwide. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(6):1714-1732. PMID: 33651654 PubMed
- FHI - Smittevernhåndboka. Sist oppdatert 04.03.2025. Sist lest: 19.06.2025. www.fhi.no
- Kofoed K, Rønholt F, Gerstoft J, Sand C. Herpes zoster: klinik, diagnostik og behandling. Ugeskr Læger 2011; 173: 114. Ugeskrift for Læger
- Forbes HJ, Bhaskaran K, Thomas SL, Smeeth L, Clayton T, Langan SM. Quantification of risk factors for herpes zoster: population based case-control study. BMJ. 2014;348:g2911. Published 2014 May 13. PMID: 25134101 PubMed
- Saguil A, Kane S, Mercado M, Lauters R. Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: Prevention and management. Am Fam Physician 2017 Nov 15;96(10):656-663. PMID: 29431387 PubMed
- Dworkin RH, Johnson RW, Breuer J, et al. Recommendations for the management of herpes zoster. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 Suppl 1: S1.
- Yawn BP, Saddier P, Wollan PC, et al. A population-based study of the incidence and complication rates of herpes zoster before zoster vaccine introduction. Mayo Clin Proc 2007; 82: 1341. PubMed
- Albrecht MA. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of herpes zoster. UpToDate. Sist oppdatert 11.02.2025. Sist lest: 19.06.2025. www.uptodate.com
- Dai S, Huang X, Chen Y, et al. Bilateral asymmetrical herpes-zoster with Ramsay hunt syndrome in an immunocompetent adult. Virol J. 2020;17(1):123. Published 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32799908 PubMed
- Albrecht MA. Treatment of herpes zoster in the immunocompetent host. UpToDate. Sist oppdatert: 09.05.2025. Sist lest: 19.06.2025. www.uptodate.com
- Werner RN, Nikkels AF, Marinović B, et al. European consensus-based (S2k) Guideline on the Management of Herpes Zoster - guided by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) in cooperation with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV), Part 2: Treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Jan;31(1):20-29. PMID: 27579792. PubMed
- Gnann JW, Whitley RJ. Herpes zoster. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 340-6. PubMed
- Colin J, Prisant O, Cochener B, Lescale O, Rolland B, Hoang-Xuan T. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Br J Ophthalmol 2000; 107: 1507-11. PMID: 10919899 PubMed
- John AR, Canaday DH. Herpes Zoster in the Older Adult. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2017;31(4):811-826. PMID: 29079160 PubMed
- Chen N, Li Q, Yang J, Zhou M, Zhou D, He L. Antiviral treatment for preventing postherpetic neuralgia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(2):CD006866. Published 2014 Feb 6. PMID:24500927 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Pasternak B, Hviid A. Use of acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir in the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. JAMA. 2010;304(8):859-866. PMID: 20736469 PubMed
- RELIS - KUPP Brosjyre - Riktige bruk av PPI. Publisert mai 2024. Siden lest: 22.06.2025 relis.no
- RELIS. Kuppbrosjyre 2015. Riktigere bruk av NSAIDs. Terapiråd til helsepersonell. Publisert 21.09.2016. Siden lest 30.03.2023. relis.no
- Jiang X, Li Y, Chen N, Zhou M, He L. Corticosteroids for preventing postherpetic neuralgia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;12(12):CD005582. Published 2023 Dec 5. PMID: 38050854 PubMed
- Schmader K. Herpes Zoster. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Aug 7;169(3):ITC19-ITC31. doi: 10.7326/AITC201808070. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med. 2018 Oct 2;169(7):516. PMID: 30083718 PubMed
- FHI - Vaksinasjonshåndboka. Sist oppdatert 20.12.2024. Sist lest: 19.06.2025. www.fhi.no
- de Oliveira Gomes J, Gagliardi AM, Andriolo BN et.al. Vaccines for preventing herpes zoster in older adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Oct 2;PMID: 37781954 PubMed
- Eyting M, Xie M, Michalik F, Heß S, Chung S, Geldsetzer P. A natural experiment on the effect of herpes zoster vaccination on dementia. Nature. 2025;641(8062):438-446. PMID: 40175543 PubMed
- Pomirchy M, Bommer C, Pradella F, Michalik F, Peters R, Geldsetzer P. Herpes Zoster Vaccination and Dementia Occurrence. JAMA. 2025;333(23):2083-2092. PMID: 40267506 PubMed
- Lee S, Lee K, Oh J, et al. Live zoster vaccination and cardiovascular outcomes: a nationwide, South Korean study. Eur Heart J. Published online May 5, 2025. PMID: 40324473 PubMed
- Jiang X, Li Y, Chen N, et al. Corticosteroids for preventing postherpetic neuralgia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 12: CD005582. pmid:38050854 PubMed
- Breuer J, Pacoud M, Gauthier A, Brown MM. Herps zoster as a risk factor for stroke and TIA. Neurology 2014. PMID: 24384645 PubMed
- Wang YP, Liu CJ, Hu YW, et al. Risk of cancer among patients with herpes zoster infection: a population-based study. CMAJ 2012 Oct 16; 184(15): E804-9. PMID: 22988158. PubMed
- Gebo KA, Kalyani R, Moore RD, Polydefkis MJ. The incidence of, risk factors for, and sequelae of herpes zoster among HIV patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 40: 169. PubMed